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Very few Elder Futhark inscriptions in the Gothic language have been found in the territory historically settled by the Goths (Wielbark culture, Chernyakhov culture). This is due to the early Christianization of the Goths, with the Gothic alphabet replacing runes by the mid 4th century. There are about a dozen candidate inscriptions, and only three of them are widely accepted to be of Gothic origin: the gold ring of Pietroassa, bearing a votive inscription, part of a larger treasure found in the Romanian Carpathians, and two spearheads inscribed with what is probably the weapon's name, one found in the Ukrainian Carpathians, and the other in eastern Germany, near the Oder. ==Ring of Pietroassa== A gold ring (necklace) found in 1837 in Pietroassa (''recte'' Pietroasa, north-western Romania, some 50 km south of Satu Mare), dated to the ca. AD 400, bearing an Elder Futhark inscription of 15 runes. The ring was stolen in 1875, and clipped in two with pliers by a Bucharest goldsmith. It was recovered, but the 7th rune is now destroyed: :''gutani () wi hailag'' (). In pre-1875 drawings and descriptions it was read as othala (), ''gutaniowi hailag'' (), interpreted as either ''gutanio wi hailag'' "sacred to the gothic women", or ''gutan-iowi hailag'' "sacred to the Jove of the Goths" (Loewe 1909; interpreted as Thunraz), or ''gutani o() hailag'' "sacred inheritance of the Goths" (''gutani'' is the genitive plural, for Ulfilan ''gutane'' (). old Norse (gutar aevi heilag] The identity of the 7th rune as othala has since been called into question, but a photograph taken for London's Arundel Society before it was vandalised has recently been republished and the damaged rune is clearly an ᛟ (Mees 2004). How to interpret ''gutanio'' remains a matter of some dispute among runologists, however (Nedoma 2003). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gothic runic inscriptions」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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